Theme Of Myrrha And Cinyras - 1007 Words

In Sophocles, â€Å"Oedipus The King† and Ovid’s Metamorphoses: â€Å"Myrrha Cinyras†, both main characters were struck by tragedy. The characters of Oedipus (Oedipus The King) and Myrrha (Metamorphoses: â€Å"Myrrha Cinyras†) each were faced with terrible outcomes at the end of the two pieces of literature. Both Myrrha and Oedipus suffered tragic fates. However, Myrrha’s desire led to her downfall, while Oedipus had no control and was destined for a tragic life before birth. Myrrha’s character in â€Å"Myrrha and Cinyras† dealt with an emotional battle with her desire of Cinyras, her father, throughout the story, resulted in her tragic death. She was faced with an immoral dilemma of wanting her father as her lover. She goes back and forth in her†¦show more content†¦When the priest says, â€Å"You came to Thebes, you freed us from the tax we paid with our lives to that rasping Singer...we need now the great power men e verywhere know you possess. Find some way to protect us†(41-50), it exhibits how great of a leader and hero he was to the city. The deeper he searched for the man to end this plague, however, the more horrid it got. The more information he received, he began to connect the pieces from his past. Not only did he figure out the man he killed on the path was king Laios, but it was his biological father. His fear of the prophecy that the oracle told him was becoming true. play gets even more tragic as he realizes that the queen he had four children with was his mother, who kill herself before he finds the truth. Oedipus gauged his eyes outs after seeing her dead body. Oedipus was blinded from the truth his entire life. When he finally learned the truth about himself, it blinds him. Myrrha’s tragic fate was due to her desires. Her passion and lust for her father led to her death. While she did show signs of regret and was hesitant to get into the bed with her drunk father after the nurse’s manipulation worked, the lines from 564-566 prove otherwise. The lines state, â€Å"Filled with the seed of her father, she left his bedchamber having already conceived, in a crime against nature, which she repeated the following night and thereafter†(564-566), demonstrates that she did not regret herShow MoreRelated Ovids Devaluation of Sympathy in Metamorphoses Essay1777 Words   |  8 PagesMetamorphoses  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   Ovid reveals two similar tales of incest in the Metamorphoses. First, he describes the non-sisterly love Byblis acquires for her twin brother Caunus. Later, he revisits the incestuous love theme with the story of Myrrha who develops a non-filial love for her father, Cinyras. The two accounts hold many similarities and elicit varying reactions. Ovid constantly tugs at our emotions and draws forth alternating feelings of pity and disgust for the matters at hand. Repetition with a

The Great Influenza Essay Free Essays

The Great Influenza is an account of the 1918 flu epidemic written by John M. Barry. Barry writes about scientists and their research of the great epidemic that killed thousands of people. We will write a custom essay sample on The Great Influenza Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now John M. Barry uses many rhetorical strategies in his story to characterize scientific research. He also uses descriptive words to help the reader envision the story. Barry uses repetition to convey his point across to the reader about scientific research. Barry talks about the certainty and uncertainty in the field of science throughout his accounts, â€Å"Certainty creates strength. Certainty gives one something upon which to lean†. By using repetition, Barry is able to instill the ideas he has about the field of science to the reader over and over again. Not only does he talk about the certainties in life, but the uncertainties as well, â€Å"Uncertainty creates weakness. Uncertainty makes one tentative if not fearful, and tentative steps, even when in the right direction, may not overcome significant obstacles†. By using the strategy of repetition, the reader gets a real sense of how the author feels about certain subjects. Barry’s use of descriptive words allows the audience to further understand his purpose of the challenges of experiments and the qualities that come from it. In describing the decisions that scientists must make, Barry describes work as â€Å"grunt† and â€Å"tedious. Through these words the reader realizes that a scientist does experience a complicated workload. He also uses words such as â€Å"strength† and â€Å"courage† in order to describe the characteristics that are needed to overcome the uncertainty that is so common in science. While describing a scientist’s journey into the â€Å"unknown,† Barry uses words such as â€Å"wilderness† and â€Å"frontier† which fu rther illustrate the uncertainties mentioned. Barry also describes a researcher as someone who paves ways for everyone else. Research is so much more, it leaves roads for so many other things; that’s why is has to be so precise and accurate. â€Å"A single step can also take one off a cliff. † Barry says this in the passage to show the preciseness of science. One mistake can lead to so many problems for everything else, but it can also lead to something new. John M. Barry uses many rhetorical strategies to portray his views of scientific research. He explains the certainty and uncertainty of a scientist to overcome the hardship of their work. How to cite The Great Influenza Essay, Essay examples

Marketing Strategy Development Woolworths

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Strategy Development Woolworths. Answer: Introduction: Marketing can be learnt in a day but it takes a whole lifetime to master it. Be it a multinational giant or a modest start up, an effective marketing strategy is a crucial road guide for the business enterprise as a whole. An organization can promote its policy and objectives by establishing a coherent and well-knit marketing strategy ((NewsComAu, 2017). They can also court the appropriate customers and allocate resources accurately, safeguarding the companys reputation. Bu first it is very important to have a deep insight into the very core of marketing strategy that is the conception as to what marketing strategy is all about. It is the fundamental target of a firm to raise its productivity and acquire sustainable competitive benefit. It incorporates both basic short term and long term plan of actions dealing with the analysis of a initial situation, formulation, evaluation and selection of market-oriented blue print of a company thereby contributing to the goals of the firm and pu rsuing its marketing objectives. The heart of ones business success is predominantly dependent on its marketing schemes. No matter what the magnitude of the company is, it goes without saying that every enterprise requires a marketing plan comprising of a comprehensive marketing strategy and well-built calendar to stay on track throughout the year and not to undergo any kind of deviation. Moreover, it also helps to achieve a lead in sales. A company devoid of a potent marketing scheme is missing out imperative opportunities. In this context of marketing in the current scenario, it is to be understood that a well-designed and extensive market planning is leading to the expeditious development and expansion of the food retail industry. Such industries stringently adhere to the strictures of fundamental criteria of a sleek marketing plan. Among such retailers and retailing industries, a name, which is sure to gain the limelight, is Australias renowned grocery or supermarket chain, Woolworths Supermarkets exclusively owned by Woolworths limited. Woolworths hinges upon a tactful marketing propaganda and is evidence in itself as to where a constructive and precise marketing scheme can lead an industry. Starting its venture in 1924, initially under the banner of Woolworths Bazaar Ltd, Woolworths has now acquired a worldwide reputation through its prodigious profit margins and a plausible retailing strategy (Ausfoodnews.com.au, 2017) Woolworths has affixed their dominance in the market accounting for about 80% of the total market share, forming a duopoly of supermarkets along with Coles. Hence, this report pen-pictures a brief overview of Woolworths and its operational strategies from a marketing perspective and indulges in briefing its orientation towards the marketing undertakings and the analysis of the marketing mix model both in terms of the 5Cs and 4-7Ps considering the bellwether retailing supermarket Woolworths and its benefactor products (Arli et al. 2013). The meticulous execution of surveys and brand launches and market positioning initiated by Woolworths is an adept marketing instrument, which also requires worth a mention through the following report. Last but not the least it also estimates the contribution of its diverse products in building up the brand reputation for Woolworths in the retail market and recommends certain elements, which can be implemented to rectify the shortcomings along with elaborate justifications of the same. Overview of Woolworths Cherishing a duopoly position in the Australian retail market, Woolworth has reached a pinnacle of success and added an extra feather to its cap by enlisting itself among the top 10 companies of Australia according to the survey conducted by Forbes. Woolworths offer a heterogeneous section of products specializing not only in groceries, which includes vegetables, meat and packaged foods but also in selling magazines, DVDs and stationery products. This subsidiary currently pursues its operation in 980 stores across Australia and quite a few in the global context along with 16 convenience retail stores displaying the same logo but without the name Woolworth (Knox 2014). Headquartered in New South Wales, Australia, some of the stores of Woolworths operate in Victoria under the banner head of Safeway which includes four stores in the rural Victoria zone and three stores in the suburbs of Melbourne. Retaining its supremacy over the business sector for more than 92 years, this eminent reta iling chain continues to swoop higher with an average sale of $33,275 million, a profit range of $ 1,099 million, an asset value of $11,936 million and a mammoth share of market value amounting to $35,489 million (King and Thoebia 2014). Initially trading under the name of Wallworths Bazaar, Woolworths group renamed itself as Woolworths Limited on 22nd September, 1924 taking into account the fact that the initial name was not registered in Australia and Woolworths then had no intention of expanding its business overseas. At the primary stage the shareholders were not keen on investing on the brand for heightening its image but fortune had something else in store for them. As a result, just after the third year of their operation, the share of dividends paid by the company accelerated at a galloping rate from 5% to 50% with efficacious trading practices enticing the shareholders to invest further. Today it has a worldwide acclaim and a global market to deal with and the credit for this solely goes to their sterling marketing approach. Marketing Orientation of Woolworths: Marketing Orientation can be defined as a business model chiefly focusing on the delivery of products devised according to the consumer preferences and requirements adding with it the essence of product functionality and and production orientation or efficiency. The generation of market intelligence organization-wide pertaining to the demands of the consumers at current or future scenario, disseminating intelligence over all the departments and extracting responsiveness from the organizations is a specific quality of marketing orientation. Though initially it concentrated on sale maximization and production cost minimization, with the passage of time and evolution of the marketing outline, they shifted their approach to customer satisfaction (Tennant 2014). They perceived the sales orientation model as an ill-equipped one and began to develop products based on customers insights and opinions. With the brisk advent of Internet technology and e-commerce facilities, the consumers have b ecome the major driving force as far as contemporary marketing orientation is concerned. Now coming to the context of Woolworths, it is distinctly observed that Coles being the primary competitor of the Woolies, jointly dominates almost 80% of the market. Recent marketing tactics helped Woolworths to incur higher percentage of profit in the first half of 2015 with a record sale of 1.8 billion. This enabled it to gain the acclaim of Australias fastest developing liquor and food retailer cleaving itself at the top of the industrial sector. One of the most remarkable moves adopted by Woolworths in the first half of 2013 was the introduction of Aussie Animal Trading Cards, which was a massive point of attraction for the children market. Advertisements displaying discounts on grocery and petrol and products of premium labels and promoted by celebrities also had a positive contribution on its sales. The platform which they choose for their new ventures are more or less targeted. They not only focused on profit maximization but also incorporated welfare interest of the consumer s in their modified approach (Reed and Ireland 2015). They offered a diverse range of commodities assuring cheapest prices and even money back guarantees. Woolworths became the pioneer store in the world to initiate receipt through cash register machines at the leading edge of Australias innovation. Woolworths transition to become explicitly a grocery store saw the emergence of the first Big W store in 1955. In addition to that, its policy of taking over Safeway Australia proved extremely beneficial for their progress as it affixed its name to the Queensland and Victorian stores. Further rebranding in 2008 as Woolworths Supermarkets, lend it a stylized market identity (Flax, Bick and Abratt 2016). In 1987, Woolworths launched the Fresh Food People Campaign which was a USP for the overall brand. Later they replaced their slogan to Australias Fresh Food People for better market segmentation and target positioning. But due to some commercial issues they reintroduced their original slog an of Fresh Food People in 2014 backing up with a brand new commercial lineup. 5 Cs of Woolworths: Company: Woolworths, popularly known as woolies in Australia is a supermarket retailer who has been a preeminent player in the business industry. It has attained a startling level of growth and development in the Australian retail market and across the globe. Numerous factors have played a pivotal role in its surpassing growth, which includes a key marketing campaign, and hence the following strategic analysis report tends to conduct a critical analysis of such plan of actions for Woolworths in an optimistic manner (Ferry, Parton and Cox 2013). The below mentioned evaluation concentrates on estimating the current business blueprint of Woolworths which gives scope for additional recommendations with regard to seeking improvement in its upcoming strategies. SWOT Analysis for Woolworths: SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS Market leader in the Aussie retail business chain. Optimum exploitation of market potential with the help of technological and human resources and an impressive presence across the sector. Woolworths attained zero food waste by 2015 by finding cost efficient packaging techniques. WEAKNESSES The setback in the business of Woolworths is the negative impact of external environmental conditions. The government restriction on price hike has also affected the growth curve of the company after the fall of Cole. OPPORTUNITIES The Aussie retail industries are showing great potential as whole by the virtue of computerization and customers inclinations towards retail chains. Woolworths is progressing towards a phenomenal success by adapting multi-option retailing strategy to cater to ever-changing customer demands THREATS The biggest threat to Woolworths is the growing competition in the market Another setback is provided by the government intervention that is severely affecting the growth of Woolworths especially within Australian retail. Fig: SWOT analysis of Woolworths (Woolworths Online 2017) Customers: The customer base of the Aussie retail giant Woolworth is widespread showing the companys impressive grasp at the market. The company sells products catering to every age group ranging from grocery to stationary to magazines and DVDs (Das Nair and Dube 2015). The variety and quality provided by the company has captivated the consumers and attractive schemes and deals thee company releases further enhances consumer loyalty. Collaborators: The overwhelming success of the retail chains are the direct outcome of the perfectly timed diversifications and collaborations. Aussie retail giant Woolworth has a long list of collaborators as well. The company has set a new bar in customer satisfaction by their websites and efficient online selling services (Mialain et al. 2015). Competitors: The chief competitors of Woolworths would be the other retail giant dominating the Australian market, Coles. Coles is the supermarket chain that has been conquered by the Wesfarmers in the last decade and ever since their grasp on the market has escalated and that has posed a significant threat to the Woolies (Greenland 2013). Both the supermarkets sell very similar range of products and the quality standards are not very different either. Apart from that, supermarkets like Walmart, Target, TESCO contribute to the growing competition in the retail market. Challenges to Overcome: Woolworth has been in the retail marketing for a number of decades and undoubtedly has constructed a stable position for itself in the market. However the growing competition has left the company looking for ways to retains its market popularity (Cant, Wiid and Sephapo 2016). Despite the fact that the company has accomplished being enlisted in the top 10 list of Australian retail companies, it still has a few challenges to overcome: Due to the growing competition and the online shopping boom the retail chains are rapidly losing their customer base. The company needs to focus on regaining the momentum in Aussie food market by focusing on the initiatives that can improve the customer satisfaction and loyalty (Phillipiaov 2014). The company launches a range of novel brands every year, and the company needs to focus on a stronger promotion campaigning for the new ranges. According to the directorial board the customers have always responded well to their new ranges and Woolworths is focusing on the long term growth in fragmented markets (Mortimer and Ingersoll 2015). The best method to reacquire the domination in the retail marketing and defeat the customer inclinations towards online shopping is attracting the customers by discounts. The online selling websites provide impressive discounts to the customers and the supermarkets chains should focus on frequent discount deals to recapture the market (Bailey and Bailey 2016). Woolworth needs to accelerate its lean retail market in order to compete with the new environments, the supermarket has always had an efficient low cost foundations to cater to all customer segments. The company can positively implement a multi- channel approach to facilitate central cost out programs (Ariyawardana and Collins 2013). The major setback in the super market business is the government interventions n price hike. There are many instances where a supermarket chain had to brave a huge loss due to government ban on price hikes that inevitably lowered the consumer loyalty and satisfaction. The best way to avoid such restrictions is to incorporate efficient monitoring that restricts frequent price hikes and further improving their cost effective packaging program by their Zero waste policy (Trevena et al. 2014) Woolworth have always been famous in providing quality with variety, incorporating global brands with local brands and phantom brands. However selling phantom brands can eventually cause bigger problems for their overall marketing. Studies suggest that phantom brands and local products sold under the thumb of the Woolworth name causes irritation and confusion in the customers (Trevena et al. 2014). Hence the company has to construct better marketing and promotion strategies for the phantom brands. Lastly, online marketing is the ultimate modern age tool to captivate the consumers of all age. The company should strengthen their social media marketing along with electronic media marketing to ensure a better grasp at the consumer market. Conclusion: A strategic analysis of Woolworths was carried out for viewing the access of the strategies that have been adopted. Woolworths always focuses on attainment of the high level of growth on the basis of its performance. The strong commitment towards its employees and its customers is the main support for its growth. The factors like influence by the government, the changing pattern of the society and the upcoming trend by the customers and the unfavorable economic conditions including the competitive business environmental situations affects the strategies and the development of the company in a negative manner. These factors are the analysis of the environment that is suffered by Woolworths. However, these analyses are the indication of the growth factor internally that have a proper potentials of the development of the company. Recommendation: Based the overall strategies, the listed recommendations are considered essential: Woolworths must focus on framing its strategies in a consistent manner with the political situations as well as the condition established across the country. It must aim on innovating the particular strategies to improve their performance The social trends of the consumers that show the high dynamism that can be considered as one of the important strategy for the growth of the company. The recommendation also focuses on the further improvement of the support of the high skilled employees by additional development mechanism and the training programs for the customers. References Ariyawardana, A. and Collins, R., 2013. Balancing industry needs against global competitiveness: a challenge for the Australian vegetable industry.Outlook on AGRICULTURE,42(3), pp.155-161. Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R. and Soldo, E., 2013. Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration. Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura, 16(1). Ausfoodnews.com.au. (2017). Woolworths announces new strategies to win over grocery shoppers, AFN reveals full detail | Australian Food News. [online] Available at: https://www.ausfoodnews.com.au/2015/05/06/woolworths-announces-new-strategies-to-win-over-grocery-shoppers-afn-reveals-full-detail.html [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Bailey, M. and Bailey, M., 2016. Marketing to the Big Middle: establishing Australian discount department stores.Journal of Historical Research in Marketing,8(3), pp.416-433. Bolton, S., 2015. Woolworths workers back at work. Green Left Weekly, (1065), p.3. Cant, M.C., Wiid, J. and Sephapo, C.M., 2016. Key Factors Influencing Pricing Strategies For Small Business Enterprises (SMEs): Are They Important?.Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR),32(6), pp.1737-1750. Das Nair, R. and Dube, S.C., 2015. Competition, Barriers to Entry and Inclusive Growth: Case Study on Fruit and Veg City. Ferry, J., Parton, K.A. and Cox, R.J., 2013. Linking supply chain practices to competitive advantage. British Food Journal, 115(7), p.1003. Flax, J., Bick, G. and Abratt, R., 2016. The perceptions of supplier-buyer relations and its affect on the corporate brand. Journal of Brand Management, 23(1), pp.22-37. Greenland, S.J., 2013. Cigarette brand variant portfolio strategy and the use of colour in a darkening market.Tobacco control, pp.tobaccocontrol-2013. King, L. and Thobela, S., 2014. Woolworths farming for the future. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 17(B). Knox, M., 2014. Supermarket monsters: Coles, woolworths and the price we pay for their domination. The Monthly. Mialon, M., Swinburn, B., Allender, S. and Sacks, G., 2016. Systematic examination of publicly-available information reveals the diverse and extensive corporate political activity of the food industry in Australia.BMC public health,16(1), p.283. Mortimer, D. and Ingersoll, L., 2015. The impact of deregulation on employment relations in the Australian retail industry.Employment Relations Record,15(2), p.43. NewsComAu. (2017). Theyre own brand. But not as we know it.. [online] Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/woolworths-introduces-new-range-of-phantom-brand-private-label-products/news-story/86d3039995f6a558e63c4d5840843837 [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Phillipov, M., 2016. Helping Australia Grow: supermarkets, television cooking shows, and the strategic manufacture of consumer trust.Agriculture and Human Values,33(3), pp.587-596. Reed, M. and Ireland, R., 2015. The retail challenge. MHD Supply Chain Solutions, 45(2), p.58. Tennent, K.D., 2014. When the shopping was good: Woolworths and the Irish main street. Trevena, H., Dunford, E., Neal, B. and Webster, J., 2014. The Australian Food and Health Dialoguethe implications of the sodium recommendation for pasta sauces.Public health nutrition,17(07), pp.1647-1653. Trevena, H., Neal, B., Dunford, E. and Wu, J.H., 2014. An evaluation of the effects of the Australian Food and Health Dialogue targets on the sodium content of bread, breakfast cereals and processed meats.Nutrients,6(9), pp.3802-3817. Woolworths Online. (2017). Woolworths Supermarket - Buy Groceries Online. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/ [Accessed 2 Feb. 2017].

American Dream Article SOAPSTone free essay sample

Remember when you were a child and somebody asked you what you wanted to be when you grew up? Personally, I wanted to be a NASCAR racer. I know, a little far-fetched if you think about it. When we were children we were so optimistic. We hardly accepted failure. This was the time in our lives when we sincerely believed in ourselves. We believed in the American Dream because it was instilled in our minds by our parents that we could be anything we wanted to be. We dreamed without limits. The American Dream can be generally defined as living a prosperous and fulfilled life. As Americans when we consider the American Dream we think of being rich, but if you ask a foreigner what their idea of the American Dream is, you will most likely get an answer that has the words, â€Å"freedom, equality and opportunity.† The American people have changed the definition of the dream over time, defining it as a word that signifies the hope of becoming rich and prosperous. We will write a custom essay sample on American Dream Article SOAPSTone or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Today we have moved away from the belief that anyone can achieve the American Dream. Bob Herbert, an op-ed journalist for The New York Times, wrote in his article, Hiding from Reality â€Å"However you want to define the American Dream, there is not much of it that’s left anymore.† First year student Nia MooreWeathers said, â€Å"the American Dream was more achievable when the economy was growing in the 20th century, but the American dream has changed its definition therefore it is different. It may not be the same for everyone.† The idea of the American Dream has definitely changed over time. Today’s version of the â€Å"American Dream† was created during the time around the Great Depression of the 1930s. This was the time when people believed they could succeed from rags to riches. Nowadays, that idea has faded. First-year student Dora Castillo said, â€Å"I feel like the American Dream for the most part is everyone wanting the same thing. They want to flourish and succeed in this country, but the only difference is that everybody wants to succeed in different things. I feel like nowadays especially in our economy it is hard to achieve anything. It’s even hard to achieve an education. Everything is about money.† It is clear that people believe that the universal ideal of the American Dream is rather difficult to achieve since our economy is at a downfall; this is why people have become pessimistic about the American Dream. Personally I think achieving the rags to riches American Dream is a one in a million, luck-based accomplishment that is nearly impossible. I believe the more resources and connections you have your chances of achieving your goals are higher, but that concept is based off of pure luck. The sad reality of the matter is that many people give up easily or accept the reality of the situation they are in. Everyone has said, â€Å"Dream as if you’ll live forever† but if you were to look at the lifestyles and goals people have, no one lives by that phrase. As college students, we all have similar goals. We want to get through school in order to someday have a secure career. A majority of us do not dream of becoming the next Bill Gates because we are realistic. People are aware of the hardships our country is facing; therefore we dream of what we know is an appropriate approach to the American Dream. It is sad that the Dream is not as optimistic as it was in history, but time changes everything.

The French Revolution essays

The French Revolution essays The French Revolution was a turning point in France's history. The Revolution began when King Louis XVI called the Estates General to provide money for his bankrupt government. Between 1789 and 1799 many kings, queens, nobles, and clergyman lost their power and status in France. France's government changes drastically over the ten years the war was fought and it will never be the same. By the end of 1788, France was on the verge of bankruptcy. King Louis was a very indecisive and shy king. He didn't care much for politics or people. Through his carelessness Louis chose officials who stole money from him and France. Since France had no money and a large debt to pay the king taxed the citizens harshly. The angry French grew tired of the heavy taxes and riots broke out constantly against the king. Louie summoned the General Estates to meet at the Palace of Versailles for the first time since 1614. Louis had all three estates prepare cahiers. The cahiers were notebooks listing the grievances of each estate. Many cahiers asked for reform. These reforms includes: freedom of speech, a regular meeting of the Estates General, and fairer taxes. The third estate and least influential was also the largest. It contained one million middle class citizens and twenty-four million laborers and working class citizens. The third estate sick of being refused by nobles and being out-voted(not in count but rank) formed the National Assembly. When their normal meeting place was locked for preparations of a royal speech the National Assembly took it as a threat. Between the ten days of June 17,1789 and June 27, 1789, the delegates of the assembly took the Tennis Court Oath. The oath meant that they would not dismember until a fair constitution was written up for France. After many nobles joined the National Assembly the king had not choice but to accept them, but ...

Government, Market Forces and Renewable Energy Systems (RES) Essay

Government, Market Forces and Renewable Energy Systems (RES) - Essay Example To tackle this issue globally there have been recent researches in the line of climate change mitigation, use of renewable resources, and energy economics. Climate mitigation  relates to activities associated with the alleviation of the potentially harmful aftereffects of global warming by â€Å"implementing policies to reduce GHG emissions and enhance sinks† (Verbruggen, A., IPCC Glossary Working Group III, annex I, 818). The UN delineates climate mitigation as a form of â€Å"human intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases† (United Nations, Glossary of climate change acronyms, 2011).  Examples for mitigation include using renewable energy resources like wind or solar power, judicious use of fossil fuels in industries or for production of electric power, bettering building  insulation, afforestation  and increasing the number of other sinks that would displace larger amounts of  atmospheric carbon dioxide  from the atmosphe re (ibid). ... However, an April 2011 report shows that the atmospheric volume level of CO2 by itself is 393 ppm, while increasing at an average annual rate of 1-3 ppm (Direct Air Capture of CO2 with Chemicals, 2011, 4). Therefore, to avoid violating the target set at 2  °C target, the levels of CO2 in atmosphere must necessarily be stabilised as soon as possible, though it is unlikely that the set target would be achieved soon (Adam, World will not meet 2oC warming target, climate change experts agree, 2009). However, a majority of the nations consider mitigation strategies for greenhouse gas emissions as expensive, and there is a widespread debate regarding mitigation costs and the nature of costs-distribution of climate change mitigation, amongst the developed, the developing, and the underdeveloped nations. Ensuring climate change and energy supply security are the core concerns for a majority of the world’s policymakers aiming to frame a worldwide energy system that is sustainable in nature. 1 Climate Change To meet the EU target of keeping global temperature rise below 2oC, the volume of atmospheric CO2 equivalents must be kept within volume limits of 445 - 490 ppm, as expressed in the 2007 report of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panelon Climate Change (IPCC, 2007). In 2005, greenhouse gas emission concentration had already reached CO2 equivalents of 450 ppm, owing to which IPCC had appraised in the report that greenhouse gas discharge must reach its highest level latest by 2015 (ibid). The report also suggested that greenhouse gas emissions must be decreased by 50–85% by 2050 (relative to the figures recorded in 2000), and the reductions made must be nearer to 85% to avoid

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS FINANCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS FINANCE - Essay Example A well reputed business will attract a vast pool of franchisees in the foreign land as brand recognition is one of the key advantages that every franchisee is keen to get from a franchise contract. Through franchising an organization can avoid many of the start up problems that it can face in a new country. By having a local person as a franchisee in order to sell its products the organization will be able to gain trust of the people of the new country and it will not feel alienated in a foreign land. Moreover the franchisee may guide the organization to gain recognition in its new market by applying specifically those marketing techniques that correspond to the taste of the general public. Additionally the organization will have a promising return in shape of royalty fees. But franchising also entails some drawbacks as an overseas expansion strategy. Firstly, the organization will face cultural barriers especially the language barrier (if the language of the home country and foreign country are different) while finding a suitable franchisee and then initiating its operations in a new territory. Secondly, the organization personals have to visit the foreign country, and most probably stay there for some time, in order to acquaint themselves with the ground realities and assist the initiation of operations. Thirdly, heavy capital investment will be needed in order to install machineries in new place. Lastly, the organization has to constantly inspect the franchisee operations in order to ensure quality consistency which is the essential characteristic of any franchise. 2. Licensing: licensing can be comparatively a safe mode of expanding overseas in which an organization (the licensor) permits the company (the licensee) in a target market to use its property which is usually intangible e.g. patents, trademarks and production techniques (Quick MBA n.d.). Licensing reduces risk as the licensor produces and markets the product while licensor receives the license fe e. Moreover licensor can get a higher ROI because of its minimum investment. Furthermore licensing is an effective tool to avoid the trade barriers and helps the organization to develop its brand name by familiarizing itself in the foreign country through licensing. But licensing is not without its drawbacks. The licensor does not get mega brand recognition in the new territory because it is not producing the producing but merely extending its name/label to the product. Even more there is a potential danger of knowledge spillovers and licensee may become a competitor in future once the license time period is over. 3. Joint Venture: joint ventures can be defined as "an enterprise in which two or more investors share ownership and control over property rights and operation" (Market Entry Strategies n.d.).While joint venture facilitates the sharing of technology and work load it also ensures financial strength. Joint venture entails medium level of control as both the organizations in it work at the same level and there is no one boss who can dictate the working of joint venture rather it is more about mutual cooperation. It is a very suitable way of entering in a foreign market when the organization wants to create a synergy by combining two teams that have distinct skills and when combined together can produce outstanding results. Joint venture can prove to be an inappropriate way of entering in a new market when the partners in a joint venture can be potential competitors and have same line of products. In these cases join venture